• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a lamp for the indoor growth of plants comprising: a control unit; a driver for power supply; a LED module comprising at least a R LED emitting red radiations (620-670 nm) and optionally at least a B LED emitting blue radiations (400-500 nm), characterized in that said LED module comprises at least a FR LED emitting Far-Red radiations (71 0-850 nm) and/or at least a V LED emitting visible radiations (400-700 nm). The invention also relates to a plurality of such lamps of the invention, wherein the switching on of the different kinds of LEDs is managed by a wireless connection or through an internet connection to a remote server, preferably in the form of a cloud. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the indoor growing of plants.
    公开号:NL2021121A
    申请号:NL2021121
    申请日:2018-06-14
    公开日:2018-12-21
    发明作者:Pasini Alessandro；Cuoghi Enzo；Berti Mirco
    申请人:C Led Srl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Octrooicentrum
    Nederland
    (21) Aanvraagnummer: 2021121 © Aanvraag ingediend: 14 juni 2018 © 2021121 © A OCTROOIAANVRAAG (51) Int. CL:
    A01G 9/20 (2018.01) A01G 7/00 (2019.01)
    © Voorrang:© Aanvrager(s):16 juni 2017 IT 102017000066899C-Led Sri te Imola, Italië, IT.© Aanvraag ingeschreven:© Uitvinder(s):21 december 2018Alessandro Pasini te Cesena FC (IT). Enzo Cuoghi te San Martino in Rio RE (IT).© Aanvraag gepubliceerd:Mirco Berti te Casalfiumanese BO (IT).21 december 2018 © Gemachtigde: ir. M.F.J.M. Ketelaars c.s. te Den Haag.
    © LAMP FOR THE INDOOR GROWING OF VEGETABLES © The invention relates to a lamp for the indoor growth of plants comprising: a control unit; a driver for power supply; a LED module comprising at least a R LED emitting red radiations (620-670 nm) and optionally at least a B LED emitting blue radiations (400-500 nm), characterized in that said LED module comprises at least a FR LED emitting Far-Red radiations (710-850 nm) and/or at least a V LED emitting visible radiations (400-700 nm). The invention also relates to a plurality of such lamps of the invention, wherein the switching on of the different kinds of LEDs is managed by a wireless connection or through an internet connection to a remote server, preferably in the form of a cloud. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the indoor growing of plants.
    NL A 2021121
    Deze publicatie komt overeen met de oorspronkelijk ingediende stukken.
    LAMP FOR THE INDOOR GROWING OF VEGETABLES [001] The present invention relates to the field of lighting, and in particular to lamps for the indoor growing of edible or ornamental plants. In particular, the present invention relates to lamps emitting light radiations especially suitable for the specific vegetable to be grown.
    [002] It is known that different spectra of light lead to different growth conditions. Providing an optimized spectrum of light to support the growth of a specific plant is preferable. It was shown that plants can grow providing them only with red radiation (620-670 nm), but their growth improves if a combination of red radiation (620-670 nm) and blue radiation (400-500 nm) is provided. It was shown that some plants need receiving green radiation (500-600 nm) too, fortheir optimal growth.
    [003] Biologists measure the quantity of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) received by a plant. PAR indicates the spectral range from 400 to 700 nanometres, which generally corresponds to the spectral range (see the wavelengths quoted in the above paragraph) which photosynthetic organisms can use in the photosynthetic process.
    [004] The irradiance of PAR can be expressed in units of energy flux (W/m2). Preferably, flux is measured on a surface for a specified amount of time: Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) measured as mol m2s~1.
    [005] According to a manufacturer of lamps for the growth of plants, plants require at least a level of light between 100 and 800 pmol m2sT Such irradiation can be reached with lamps having a typical power spanning 20 to 200 Watt.
    [006] Moreover, also photoperiodism must be taken into account. In nature, typically plants receive light radiation for a portion of 24 hours only. In many plants, photoperiodism affects growth conditions and flowering. E.g., some plants flower when exposed to light for a daily period of at least 14 hours.
    [007] It is known that sunlight comprises a spectrum of different radiations:
    - ultraviolet (400-100 nm, distinct in UV-A (400-315 nm), UV-B (315-280 nm) and UV-C (280-100 nm)) not visible to human eye;
    - blue-violet, (400-490 nm), absorbed by pigments, with effect on blooming, protein synthesis, phototropic effects, medium effect on photosynthesis;
    - green (490-560 nm), the least active from the photosynthesis point of view;
    - yellow (560-590 nm);
    - red-orange (590-700 nm), very active in photosynthesis;
    - infrared (700 nm-1.000.000 nm (i.e. 1 mm)).
    Indicatively, the light visible to human eye spans 400 to 750 nm.
    [008] It was shown that the radiations of the so-called far-red (710-850 nm) act with a very important action on plant growth, particularly for germination, development of aerial architecture, blooming, photosynthesis, and plant nutrition.
    [009] In particular, the far-red component of sunlight is especially relevant when the sunlight appears rose-red to human eye, i.e. at sunrise and sunset. It was shown that providing far-red radiations to indoor grown plants at the beginning and end of the chosen photoperiod,
    i.e. when switching on and off artificial light, markedly improves their growth (Hao et al., Farred LEDs improve fruit production in greenhouse tomato grown under high-pressure sodium lighting, Acta Horticulturae 1134, 95-102 DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1134.13 https:/7doi.org/10.17660,;ActaHortic.2016.1134.13).
    [0010] Nonetheless, it is to be noted that far-red wavelengths, although on the very margin of 10 visibility to human eye, confer to lighted objects a colour different from that normally observed.
    [0011] Moreover, in the persons who were exposed to radiations having blue, red and far-red components, the perception of colour remains annoyingly altered for some minutes after said persons moved to places illuminated with normal wavelengths. Especially when the plants are fruit plants (e.g. strawberries, tomatoes) detecting the degree of ripeness of their fruit, which 15 typically becomes red when ripe, becomes impossible.
    [0012] Aim of the present invention is providing a lamp for the indoor growth of plants, wherein the wavelength emitted is adjustable, allowing to get better results and overcoming the above-described drawbacks.
    [0013] This object is achieved by an apparatus and a method having the features of the 2 0 independent claims. Advantageous embodiment and refinements are specified in the claims dependent thereon.
    [0014] The lamp according to the present invention comprises:
    - A light source comprising at least three kinds of LEDs emitting light of a wavelength suitable for growing plants (e.g. red 620-670 nm; optionally blue 400-500 nm; and far-
    5 red 710-850 nm) plus a fourth kind of LED emitting white light (400-700 nm), typically used in the normal lamps for industrial and residential lighting;
    - A power supply for converting the voltage provided by mains or a cogeneration plant to a current suitable for supplying LEDs;
    - A control unit controlling the emission of light by the said four kinds of LEDs according to need, so as to supply the LEDs having the wavelengths desired at the moment.
    [0015] It is worthwhile specifying that white LEDs emitting visible white light actually emit a broader spectrum, typically spanning 380-780 nm. Nonetheless, the quantity of far-red radiation (710-850 nm) emitted by white LEDs is very limited with respect to the quantity of far-red radiation emitted by specific far-red LEDs. The use of specific far-red LEDs emitting 710-850 35 nm radiation only is much more advantageous from the energetic point of view, in that the watt supplied to far-red LEDs are converted in radiations having the desired wavelength only. Using white LEDs to emit the same quantity of far-red radiations would lead to a much higher energy consumption.
    [0016] The present invention can comprise several embodiments.
    [0017] In a first embodiment, the lamp is set to emit radiations of far-red wavelength for a pre-defined time when switched on and off, so as to mimic sunrise and sunset. E.g., at the switching on of the lamp, only far-red LEDs are supplied and they remain on for 30 minutes (sunrise), while in the last 30 minutes during which the lamp is switched on it emits far-red radiations only (sunset).
    [0018] In a second embodiment, human operators in the greenhouse manually switch on the LEDs emitting visible white light for the time needed to complete manual operations, e.g. picking fruit.
    [0019] In a third embodiment, the lamp comprises a motion detector: when the motion detector detects the presence of a person, the LEDs emitting visible white light are switched on, and they remain on for all the time wherein motion is detected.
    [0020] For the first, second and third embodiment, two distinct modalities are possible:
    - White visible LEDs can be switched on at the same time as the LEDs dedicated to growing (red, blue and far-red);
    - White visible LEDs can be switched on while the LEDs dedicated to growing (red, blue and far-red) are switched off.
    [0021] In a preferred embodiment, the control unit controls the emission of radiations, emitting by default blue and red radiations, while the emission of white and/or far-red radiations can be adjusted as desired.
    [0022] The method according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
    - Installing in a greenhouse LED lamps emitting red (620-670 nm), optionally blue (400500 nm), visible (400-700 nm) and far-red (710-850 nm) radiations;
    - Irradiating the plants for at least a portion of the lamp irradiation time with far-red radiations (710-850 nm);
    - Switching on the LEDs emitting visible radiations (400-700 nm) at least for the time when human operators are inside said greenhouse.
    [0023] Further advantages and properties of the present invention are disclosed in the following description, in which exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail based on the drawings:
    Figure 1 Axonometric view of an exploded view of the lamp according to the present invention;
    Figure 2 Detail of a LED module with LEDs of four different kinds;
    Figure 3 Block diagram of the lamp;
    Figure 4 Block diagram of an embodiment wherein each lamp comprises a presence detector, and is connected to a control central unit;
    Figure 5 Block diagram of an embodiment wherein each lamp comprises, in addition to a presence detector, the control electronics and optionally a communication interface with a control central unit.
    [0024] Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the lamp according to the present invention; the lamp comprises:
    - A metal frame 11, which in the preferred embodiment is made of aluminium;
    - A couple of gaskets 12;
    - A couple of PCBs (electronic boards) 13, on which a plurality of LEDs 14 are mounted at a regular distance;
    - A cover 15 in a transparent material, allowing to insulate the LEDs from the exterior environment, while ensuring the transmission of the light emitted.
    [0025] Figure 2 shows an exemplary, non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, wherein LED module 13 comprises four distinct kinds of LEDs 14:
    - A first kind of LEDs, indicated with R, emitting red light (620-670 nm);
    - A second kind of LEDs, indicated with B, emitting blue light (400-500 nm);
    - A third kind of LEDs, indicated with FR (from Far-Red), emitting far-red radiations indicatively having a wavelength of 710-850 nm;
    - A fourth kind of LEDs, indicated with V (from Visible light), emitting visible light, indicatively having a wavelength of 400-700 nm.
    [0026] Said V and FR LEDs are mounted on the module 13 one near the other; said module 13 is the light source of a lamp for the indoor growth of vegetables.
    [0027] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the functional structure of the lamp according to the present invention:
    - A control unit 31, in the form of an electronic board, containing all the intelligence of the system, allowing the adjusting of the wavelength by module 33 in the desired way;
    - A driver (power supply) 32, suitable for converting the current fed to lamps in a current suitable for LED module 33;
    - A LED module 13.
    [0028] The electronic board 31 allows to control the emission of the kind of light by LEDs. Different embodiments are possible.
    [0029] In the preferred embodiment, when the lamp is switched on, red LEDs emitting red (620-670 nm) and (optional) blue LEDs emitting blue (400-500 nm) radiations are always on, while the control unit allows to adjust the emission of the visible radiation (400-700 nm) by V LEDs and of far-red (710-850 nm) radiations by FR LEDs.
    [0030] In a first embodiment, the growing lamps installed in a greenhouse are wiredly connected in a network, and the light emission by V and FR LEDs can be wiredly adjusted. Through a wired command unit, the emission of visible and far-red radiation can be modified.
    [0031] In a second embodiment, all the lamps installed in a greenhouse are wirelessly connected, and the light emission by V and FR LEDs can be adjusted through a wireless connection to a remote server (cloud). In this context, cloud indicates a type of Internet-based computing that provides shared computer processing resources and data to computers and other devices on demand. It is a model for enabling ubiquitous, on-demand access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., computer networks, servers, storage, applications and services), which can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort.
    [0032] In a third embodiment, each lamp, unconnected from the other lamps, is provided with a memory timer, whose adjustment is programmed in the factory. In this case, lamps have a unique kind of adjustment fortheir whole lifetime. E.g., when switched on the lamp emits farred radiations for 30 minutes, and before switching off emits far-red radiations for other 30 minutes. In this case, the switching on of V LEDs is controlled by a manual switch, or through a motion detector.
    [0033] In a fourth embodiment, the greenhouse lamps are managed by a SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system, which is a centralized supervising system allowing to identify and personalize each lamp. It is worth noting that a SCADA system can work on a lamp network that can be wiredly or wirelessly connected. This embodiment is interesting in very wide greenhouses, wherein a plurality of islands are present, plants with different requirements being grown in each island, or each island hosts the same plant at a different degree of ripeness.
    [0034] In a further embodiment, the network of LED lamps is provided with a motion detector. When human operators enter into the greenhouse, V LEDs are automatically switched on, so that operators can have a vision of the grown plants with normal colours, not causing discomfort to operators’ eyes. The emission of visible radiations can be maintained as long as the motion detector detects motion inside the greenhouse, or can be maintained for a predefined time.
    [0035] With reference to Figure 4, a plurality of lamps according to one or more of the above-described features, indicated with L1, L2, L3, ..., is provided with a dedicated detector of the presence of a person near the lamp itself. The presence detectors can be of any kind, e.g. a motion sensor or a distance sensor or the like. A control unit 31 comprises different operating units, which can be hardware operating units, and programmable hardware units, and in the form of a series of programs codifying the instructions for executing the functions of the single operating units, which, performed by the hardware of control unit 31 in the form of generic processor, configure it and the optional peripherals so as to generate the functions provided by the single operating units.
    [0036] Specifically, said control unit 31 provides a CPU indicated with 131 managing the sundry operating units, which coordinates the operation of the following operating units: a control unit 231 controlling the frequency of emission according to the above-described modalities; a clock 331 for setting the switch on and off time; an interface 431 communicating with the presence detectors S, drivers 531 for activating visible light; a manual command 631 switching on/off the visible light which is activated according to the signals transmitted by presence detectors S; a user interface 831 to input settings and commands; a memory 931 for the control and setting program launched by the user interface, which is performed at least partially in an automatic way by CPU 131, and a communication interface 1031 with the single lamps. Advantageously, each lamp can be associated to a univocal identifier, and have a univocal communication address with the control unit 31. Obviously, even if not explicitly illustrated, the control unit 31 according to Figure 4 comprises the drivers 32 of coloured or emitting specific spectra LEDs, according to the different above-described combinations.
    [0037] In Figure 4, notwithstanding the fact that the connections among lamps, sensors and control unit are indicated in the form of wired connections, it is apparent that the same connections can occur even through a wireless network, according to one or more of current network or communications protocols.
    [0038] Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the present invention, wherein each lamps is provided in combination with its own control unit 31. Considering the current technique of integration of integrated circuits, e.g. in the form of FPGA circuits or the like, and the miniaturization of the managing circuits of supply signals, the control unit 31 can be integrated in each lamp with a minimal footprint.
    [0039] In particular, the control unit associated to each lamp has substantially the same operating units of the control unit 31 according to Figure 4, and the (non-shown) driver 32. Therefore, in Figure 5 the same reference numbers are used.
    [0040] As is indicated with dotted lines, the interface 831 for lamp communication can be used to connect the control unit 31 of each lamp to a remote server 50 which can be used to input settings, transmit commands and/or execute diagnostic activities, both hardware and software, or to upgrade the programs memorized in the memory 931. The communication network can be of any kind, both wired and wireless.
    [0041] In a further embodiment, a client like a portable device (smartphone, phablet, tablet or the like) connects to said lamps, which client in its turn downloads setting files or communicates with the managing central server 50.
    11Metal frame12Gasket13PCB14LED15Transparent cover31Control unit32Driver50Remote managing server131CPU231Control unit of emission frequency331Clock431Presence detectors interface531Driver for switching on visible light631Manual command for visible light731Automatic command for visible light831User interface931Control and setting program memory1031Lamp communication interfaceBBlue LED (400-500 nm)RRed LED (620-670 nm)FRFar-red LED (710-850 nm)
    L1,L2, L3, Ln Lamps
    VVisible LED (400-700 nm)SSensors
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    CONCLUSIONS
    1) Lamp for growing plants indoors, comprising:
    - a control unit (31);
    - a driver (32) for power supply;
    - an LED module (13) that comprises at least one R LED that emits red radiation (620-670 nm) and optionally comprises at least one B LED that emits blue radiation (400-500 nm), characterized in that said LED -module comprises at least one FR LED that emits radiated radiation (710-850 nm) and / or comprises at least one V LED that emits visible radiation (400-700 nm).
    [2]
    The plant-growing lamp according to claim 1, wherein the lamp is provided with a timer for emitting red-radiated radiation for a predefined time when switched on and off.
    [3]
    A plant-growing lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the V LEDs emitting visible light are switched on by a timer at predefined moments or manually by a suitable switch.
    [4]
    4) Plant-growing lamp according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a motion detector: when the motion detector detects the presence of a person, the LEDs that emit visible white light are turned on and the V LEDs stay on as long as movement occurs detected.
    [5]
    5. Plant-growing lamp according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a motion detector: when the motion detector detects the presence of a person, the LEDs that emit visible white light are turned on and the V LEDs stay on for a predefined time .
    [6]
    A plurality of lamps according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the switching on of the different types of LEDs is managed by a SCADA system.
    [7]
    A plurality of lamps according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the switching on of the different types of LEDs is controlled by a wireless connection or via an internet connection with a remote server, preferably in the form of a cloud.
    [8]
    8) Method for indoor growing of plants, comprising the following steps:
    - installing LED lamps according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 in a greenhouse;
    - irradiating the plants for at least a part of the irradiation time of the long-irradiated lamp (710-850 nm);
    5 - switching on the V LEDs that emit visible radiation, at least during the time that human operators work in the greenhouse.
    [9]
    A method for indoor growing of plants according to claim 8, wherein when lamps are powered, they are standard red radiations (620-670 nm) and optionally blue
    10 radiations (400-500 nm), while controlling the emission of reduced (710-850 nm) and visible (400-700 nm) radiation.
    [10]
    10) Indoor growing method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein white visible LEDs can be switched on at the same time as the LEDs intended for
    15 are for growing (red, blue and far-red), or alternatively, where white visible LEDs can be switched on, while the LEDs intended for growing (red, blue and far-red) are switched off.
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    同族专利:
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    IT201700066899A1|2018-12-16|
    NL2021121B1|2019-02-25|
    引用文献:
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    JP6264151B2|2014-03-31|2018-01-24|信越半導体株式会社|Plant growing lighting device and plant growing method|
    EP3130199A1|2014-04-08|2017-02-15|Nxp B.V.|A controller for a horticultural lighting system|
    US20170127622A1|2015-11-10|2017-05-11|Xu Hong|Smart control/iot system for agriculture environment control|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IT102017000066899A|IT201700066899A1|2017-06-16|2017-06-16|LAMP FOR INDOOR GROWTH OF VEGETABLE|
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